There are many kinds of textile testing instruments, including mechanical property testing instruments, appearance quality testing instruments, fabric style testing instruments, physical property testing instruments and process property testing instruments.

Mechanical property testing instruments

Test the various properties of textile materials under the action of mechanical external force, there are tensile property test instruments and abrasion property test instruments.

Tensile property testing instruments

There are three types.

① Equal elongation type (CRE): the deformation rate per unit time of the specimen in the tensile process is maintained at a certain rate.

② Equally loaded type (CRL): the rate of increase of the load on the specimen subjected to tension is held at a certain rate.

③ equal traction type (CRT): the specimen by the lower tongs traction, the upper tongs according to the material stress - strain characteristics at the same time there is an irregular displacement. Isotropic traction type appeared early and widely used, belongs to the mechanical type, often called the pendulum type strong machine. Using the appropriate fixture and automatic recording device, a number of tensile properties can be tested. However, because the pendulum inertia and the strain rate per unit time vary with the stress-strain characteristics of the material, the accuracy of the instrument is low and the comparability is poor.

The representative instrument of equal loading type is the inclined force machine, which can be used to determine the tensile properties of fibers and yarns. Among them, the electromechanical combination of the oblique strength machine can automatically stretch and change the tube yarn continuously for 10 tube yarns according to the specified number of tests, and also can draw the graph of breaking strength and breaking elongation. The instrument is equipped with data processing system, which can print out the test results directly.

At the end of 70's, the electronic type automatic single yarn strength tester was developed, which adopts strain type sensing to measure force, with high precision and automation, small inertia and full function. According to the different capacity, there are two types of general-purpose and special-purpose. The general-purpose instrument can measure the tensile properties, elasticity and compressibility of fiber, yarn and fabric by changing the sensors of different capacities. If equipped with appropriate accessories can also be shear, bending and friction performance test. This instrument is sometimes called universal strength tester, digital display, automatic data processing and print out the test results. Some models of instruments also have a high and low temperature test device.

China's successful development of desktop single fiber electronic strength instrument is a special type, the maximum capacity of the instrument is 100 grams, digital display and automatic recording, some can also print out the average number of tensile properties and coefficient of variation.

In the 80s and made fully automatic short fiber strength instrument. With the tensile property tester test can obtain a variety of test results, such as breaking strength, breaking elongation, multiple tensile fatigue, constant load or constant elongation elasticity, as well as the fabric tear strength, top breaking strength, sewing strength, etc.. In addition, the initial modulus, work at break and other indicators can be obtained by using the calculation of record drawings.

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